Expansion of MNCs in the United Kingdom and Their Effects on the HRM Practices Free Essay Example, 2000 words

The paper tells that capitalism is currently the most influential and widespread form of the global economic system. The markets of the United Kingdom are dominated by this form of economic system with the mixed capitalism format being widely followed in most of the sectors of the economy. It can be argued that the traditional mixed and advanced level of capitalism followed in the markets of the United Kingdom is being deeply affected by the functioning of the foreign multinational enterprises in the country in both positive and negative ways. While some of the multinational companies are driving the forces of capitalism to greater heights, most of the multinational corporations originally from democratic nations are enforcing management rules and systems that have challenged and modified the existing landscape of capitalism in the country. Multinational companies (MNCs) have emerged as central actors in the area of contemporary international economic development. Currently, there a re more than 100,000 of MNCs operating across different regions in the world, employing more than 85 million people from diverse nations, having direct or indirect ownership over 90000 foreign affiliates and accounting for one-third of the total trade developments and transactions on a global scale. We will write a custom essay sample on Expansion of MNCs in the United Kingdom and Their Effects on the HRM Practices or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

A Basis for Morality Essay - 2815 Words

A Basis for Morality In humanitys quest to distinguish itself from the rest of the animal world, a claim to morality has long been one of its greatest arguments. Perhaps second only to reason as a distinguishing characteristic, the ability to exhibit moral behavior instills in humans a distinct sense of natural order. Yet when anthropocentric egoism is dropped and we recognize that we are not, in fact, much different from other animals, our distinctive moral behavior begs explanation. What compels the majority of humans to behave morally? Why do some not? How should we respond to behaviors that are either immoral or amoral? Do we possess an innate sense of morality, determined by our neurobiology? Or to put it another (more†¦show more content†¦While specifics of morality vary across cultures, and often across individuals, some basic trends appear universally. Benevolence, fairness, and honesty - in short, those traits that make a social existence possible - are consistently named when people in many different cultures are asked to describe moral behavior (1). This is the first cause to think that a basic morality may be innate in humans and not merely a product of cultural education, although it is not in itself proof of that possibility. With this evidence, it is just as reasonable to hypothesize that the basic similarities in social structure are sufficient to give rise to similarities in acceptable behavior as it is to hypothesize that ideas of acceptable behavior are innate. The original source of morality aside for the moment, we can effectively consider the cause of moral behavior in individuals. Psychological literature tends to focus on the emotional basis of morality. One of the most important affects in determining moral behavior is empathy, an emotional response triggered by the apprehension of anothers emotional state and characterized by having feelings similar to what the other is feeling (2). This ability to perceive another individuals emotions is crucial to our ability to make moral decisions - that is, to make decisions that positively influence others. TheShow MoreRelatedMorality : The Basis Of Morality1586 Words   |  7 PagesEssay 2 TOPIC ONE: THE BASIS OF MORALITY The basis of morality has been major area of discussion for philosophers for many years. In The Leviathan, Hobbes argues that desire and aversion determine what is good, evil, right or wrong, believing in a subjective self-interest based view on morality. In The Grounding of Metaphysics of Morals, Kant takes a rational approach, arguing that it is reason that plays a role in determining the same, thus having an objective view on morality. In my opinion, Hobbes’Read MoreThe Objective Basis of Morality Challenged1611 Words   |  7 PagesThe Objective Basis of Morality Challenged The origins of morality and what is defined as good or bad, unethical or moral can easily boggle the mind. It is a topic that can be debated almost endlessly. There are many factors that must be taken into consideration to provide valid philosophies; yet there will still always be debatable elements. Two concepts of morality that are in direct opposition of each other are moral objectivism and moral relativism. Moral relativism can be subjectiveRead MoreTranscendentalism: The Basis of Morality Essay examples923 Words   |  4 Pagesnature; but also include a portion of logic and reasoning. ...transcendentalism remains firm in the hearts not just of religious believers but also of countless scholars in the social sciences and the humanities...(Wilson, The Biological Basis of Morality). Although there is not much logic to support the theories of a God or a higher being somewhere, there is also not enough evidence to disprove the belief of anyone. God is a breeze, you can feel it but cannot see it. Theologians and PhilosophersRead MoreAnimal Rights Should Be Afforded On The Basis Of Morality994 Words   |  4 Pagestowards them. Affording animals certain rights would improve their living conditions as well as human’s conditions, and increase the awareness of the consequences humans may face due to their maltreatment. Animal rights should be afforded on the basis of morality. As a society of moral and just people, it would be wrong to mistreat animals. The treatment of these animals must be protected by some form of rights. Different animals are consumed by humans in different countries. The animals which are sociallyRead MoreCan Medical Service be Refused on the Basis of Morality and Ethics?793 Words   |  3 PagesRefusing Service or Care Whenever there is a discussion that involves ethics and morality there always seems to be some debate. Professional ethics has become more significant over the years. As people become more specialized in their occupations, the concerns become that much more complex. Professional bodies have more and more been at work developing, revising and refining professional codes of ethics. Professionals themselves have asked for more comprehensive codes so as to have better directionRead MoreAnyone or anything that is rational possesses will, whether it is a human being or a field mouse.900 Words   |  4 Pageswe would simply be reacting to external causes. To see how Kant’s statement translates into saying an autonomous will is bound by moral law, we must first understand what morality is, and how one achieves it. Kant believes that morality is an a priori concept, or one that is independent of any experiences of the world. Morality stems from the idea of the ‘good will’, which Kant argues is the only thing truly ‘good’ in the world. Rational beings can bring about their wills through imperatives, orRead MoreReligion, Morality, And Atheism1734 Words   |  7 Pagesare against it. However, these are just a couple of examples showing just how unethical religions can appear to be. But these are only the connotations of religion, morality, and atheism. The true definition of religion is â€Å"an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and rules used to worship a god or group of gods.† Note that morality has the separate definition of â€Å"beliefs about what is right and wrong behavior† and the counterpart of religion is atheism, or the lack of the â€Å"belief in the existenceRead MoreDebate On Morality With And Without God1046 Words   |  5 PagesM. SURBER BCOR STEP II: PAPER OUTLINE Topic of debate: Morality with/without God I. Introduction: a. Throughout my life I have been involved in a dynamic battle that always comes back to one question: Is there such a thing as â€Å"God†? I have been raised up in a pretty much non-practicing Christian home. Growing up in this type of lifestyle I have encountered a multitude of different belief systems that were either Secular or Christian-like. But with this debate of if God is real or not, I have comeRead MoreMoral Judgements And Moral Values Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pagesare whatever we as humans choose to pursue and whatever we desire. Now, whether morality is an objective property of the universe, or rather the subjective opinion of humans, is in fact one of the longest running issues in the world of philosophy. This ongoing debate continue for the sole reason that it is hampered by a lack of clarity on what objective and subjective moralities actually are. Objective morality is the stance that something can be discerned to be a morally wrong thing throughRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1237 Words   |  5 PagesThe Divine Command Theory dictates that â€Å"An act is morally required just because it is commanded by God, and immoral just because God forbids it (Shafer-Landau 65).† This view is often accepted by religious people as the basis for morality; the morality of an action is determined by whether or not it is commanded by God. However, there are multiple problems presented by this line of thinking. One of the most common arguments against this theory is known as the Euthyphro Dilemma, derived from Plato’s

Leadership In Business

Questions: This is a literature review paper. Write about the relationship between Leadership with different elements which supported by journals articles. The details are explained as below:1. Relationship between Leadership and Teamwork2. Relationship between Leadership and Motivation3. Relationship between Leadership and Management4. Relationship between Leadership and Potential Answers: Relationship between Leadership and Teamwork: The relationship between the leadership and the teamwork plays a vital role in determining the business success. This improves the corporate to improve the potentiality of the staff which further led the business towards sustainability as a whole. The team work within the corporate helps in the improved productivity within the workplace. This further helps in the rate of growth of the corporate (Eagly et al. 2013). The relationship between the leadership and the teamwork helps the business organization Singapore Airlines to improve the growth rate of the business which further led the corporate towards development as a whole. The leader between the business organizations helps in improving the team work and further helps the Singapore Airlines to improve the productivity as well (Garca-Morales et al. 2012). The teamwork to work efficiently need effective and skilled leader who might help in improving the key areas and thus help in the individual development as well. The leadership sk ills need to handle the team proficiently which further led the team towards improving the productivity and growth rate of the business as a whole (Sosik et al. 2012). The leadership skill also needs to implement effective marketing strategies that further help the Singapore Airlines to provide the best service towards the customers which add value towards the brand positioning of the business in the competitive scenario as a whole. The leadership skills also help to balance the team management which further helps the corporate to avoid any dispute within the workplace as well (Day and Antonakis 2012). Thus, the relationship between the leader and the team need to be transparent to solve conflicts and thus to lead the business towards organizational development as a whole. The Singapore Airlines also helps to improve the potentiality and skilled employees within the workplace with effective implementation of motivation factors like reward and recognition and further helps in a retaining team as well (Sosik et al. 2012). Relationship between Leadership and Motivation: The relationship between the leadership styles and motivation helps in the improvement of the potential of the employees and thus help in the organizational improvement as well. The motivational factors help in the improvement of the employee behavior and further helps in the organizational development as well (Von Krogh et al. 2012). The effective implementation of motivational factor helps in increasing the productivity and thus further led the company towards improving the service quality as well. The Singapore Airlines implements human resource management which effectively helps in the motivation of the employees and helps in the development of the profitability rate of the business as well (Garca-Morales et al. 2012). The motivation helps in analyzing the performance of the employees which helps in an appraisal of the growth rate of the business corporate as well. This further helps the business to gain competitive advantage and also helps in expansion of the corporate as well ( Vaccaro et al. 2012). The leadership style consists of two different types comprising of organizational and team who work for the motivation of the team which helps in improving the overall organization as well. The organizational leaders also help in improving the employee skills which further led the business towards the development as a whole. Herzbergs model of motivation also helps the employee to get more prone towards the Singapore Airlines in terms of motivational factors and helps in the improved potentiality of the employee as well (Sosik et al. 2012). The motivation factor of Herzberg's includes two types of motivation intrinsic and extrinsic. The intrinsic motivation includes the motivation of the employee regarding recognition, reward, and achievement which helps in developing an interest of employees more towards the business. The extrinsic help in the improvement of the working conditions which further helps in providing service towards the customers. This helps in gaining loyal customers more towards the corporate and helps in improving the rate of growth of the corporate as well (Day and Antonakis 2012). Relationship between Leadership and Management: The efficient leader within the management helps in leading the Singapore Airlines towards the development in the competitive market. The effective leadership also helps to improve the organizational behavior that further helps in developing the growth rate of the business as a whole. The leadership also helps in improving the potentiality of the employees which helps in improving the service quality as a whole (Sadeghi and Pihie 2012). The management to expand its business and also to gain customer satisfaction need to implement effective leadership style that helps in the management development as well. However, the leadership and the management stand as distinctive characteristics for the organizational success which further led the Singapore Airlines towards improved potentiality and service as well. Both play an important role in determining the corporate development and helps in lowering the turnover rate of the skilled employees as well (Day and Antonakis 2012). The different leadership style also helps in developing the organizational structure and thus helps in improving the customer rate towards the corporate as a whole. The leadership style also helps in influencing organizational structure which further helps in motivating the staff as well (Fiedler et al. 2012). The leadership style also helps in the retention of the employees which further helps in the development of the growth rate of the business as a whole. The different leadership style also helps the business to gain quality productivity of the team work that further improves the profitability of the business corporate as well (Sosik et al. 2012). The transformational leadership style also helps in creating an employee awareness regarding the service of the Singapore Airlines which helps the business as a whole to satisfy the customer which add value towards the business as well. The transformational leadership also helps in the increased level of motivation and further helps in the betterment of the service quality as well (Garca-Morales et al. 2012). Thus, it helps the business corporate to gain advantage in the competitive scenario and helps in the sustainability as well. Relationship between Leadership and Potential: The leadership management helps in the increased potentiality of the employees which further helps in gaining more loyal employees towards the business as a whole. The leadership theories help in the improved potentiality of the employees which help in proving best service to the customers as well (Kelloway et al. 2012). The leadership theories thus help in gaining potentiality which further helps in organizational success as a whole. The effective Skills Theory helps the business to develop the skills and abilities of the employees which further helps in the potentiality of the corporate as well. The Singapore Airlines also implement Transformational theory which helps in the motivation of the employee that further helps in improving the growth rate of the business and also helps in developing the sales rate of the corporate as a whole (Judge and Piccolo 2012). Thus, the leadership style is based on the organizational behavior and thus, help the business as a whole to gain the competitive advantage as a whole. The leadership style thus helps the business to grow awareness towards the customers which further helps in developing the service of the organization as well. The growing awareness also helps in the corporate towards gaining more loyal customers towards the corporate as well (Garca-Morales et al. 2012). The leadership style also helps in the triple bottom line which helps the business corporate to improve the staff, customers, suppliers, investors that further helps the corporate to add value towards the business as a whole (Sosik et al. 2012). The business also helps in developing the potentiality and skill of the employees that helps in increasing the positive word of mouth towards the customers as well. This further helps in gaining more loyal customers and helps in gaining competitive advantage as well (Fiedler et al. 2012). The leadership style thus further helps to improve the service quality which further helps in retaining of the skilled employees as well. The leadership theories further help in the sustainability of the company as a whole. Reference List: Day, D.V. and Antonakis, J., 2012.The nature of leadership. Sage, 22(1), pp. 28-32. Eagly, A.H., Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C. and Van Engen, M.L., 2013. Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles: a meta-analysis comparing women and men.Psychological bulletin,129(4), p.569. Fiedler, F.E., O'Brien, G.E. and Ilgen, D.R., 2012. The effect of leadership style upon the performance and adjustment of volunteer teams operating in successful foreign environment.Human Relations, 12(1), pp. 45-52. Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of Business Research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. Judge, T.A. and Piccolo, R.F., 2012. Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic test of their relative validity.Journal of applied psychology,89(5), p.755. Kelloway, E.K., Turner, N., Barling, J. and Loughlin, C., 2012. Transformational leadership and employee psychological well-being: The mediating role of employee trust in leadership.Work Stress,26(1), pp.39-55. Sadeghi, A. and Pihie, Z.A.L., 2012. Transformational leadership and its predictive effects on leadership effectiveness.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(7), pp.55-58. Sosik, J.J., Avolio, B.J. and Kahai, S.S., 2012. Effects of leadership style and anonymity on group potency and effectiveness in a group decision support system environment.Journal of applied psychology,82(1), p.89. Vaccaro, I.G., Jansen, J.J., Van Den Bosch, F.A. and Volberda, H.W., 2012. Management innovation and leadership: The moderating role of organizational size.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), pp.28-51. Von Krogh, G., Nonaka, I. and Rechsteiner, L., 2012. Leadership in organizational knowledge creation: a review and framework.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), pp.240-277.

Emerging Technologies Applications and Regulations

Question: Discuss about the Emerging Technologies Applications and Regulations. Answer: Introduction Drone technology is one of the most innovative strategies which is extensively been used by several businesses for enhancing their business reach and other competitive benefits. The report describes the incorporation of this innovative technology in one of the medium sized enterprise of Australia. The organization is presently dealing in sectors like agriculture, transport and mining. But with the use of this drone technology the company is planning to enhance its business reach by entering into the media as well as tourism sector (Ravich, 2014). The organization has one primary aim of leveraging ICT as one of its central competency. By implementing the most innovative technologies the organization wants to achieve higher degree of competitive benefits. The drone technology has been selected as the CEO of the organization is much fascinated by this technology and its associated benefits. Because of the need of diversification in the business the organization wants to have higher tech nological innovation. And for fulfill the purpose the organization is planning to take use of drone technology in its business processes and operations. There are certain objectives which will be achieved by implementing drone technology in the business operations such as higher competitive benefits, greater sustainability, improved diversification and higher revenues (Camilli, 2015). The report will highlight various segments related to the implementation of the technology such as the present use of the technology, various industries taking use of the technology, advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of drone technology and various legal, social and ethical considerations regarding the use of the drone technology. There is also provided strategies and recommendations which can help in better incorporation of the technology and for resolving issues associated with the incorporation of the technology in the organization. Overview of Drone Technology UAV i.e. the unmanned aerial vehicles which are highly recognized by the name drones is one of the highly concerned topic in almost all the business fields. It is an aircraft which is typically unmanned (Corcoran, 2013). For the composition of this tool there has been taken use of very light materials so that they can be able to cruise at extensively elevated altitudes. There are several technologies which have been combined with these drones such as laser, GPS and infra-red cameras. There can be taken use of a ground cockpit or of a sound remote control system for controlling the functioning of the drones. There are different sizes in which the drones are made available to various sections of the society such as military forces, businesses etc. The scope of the use of the drone technology is up surging with time and presently it is serves three major sectors i.e. the society, service provider and the customer. Analysis of various industries taking use of drone technology There are several industries which are taking use of droned technology to achieve higher competitive advantages and revenues. Following are few of the industries which are taking extensive use of drone technology: Mining Industries There are several mining activities which can take use of drone technology such as drill and blast, geology, hydrology, construction, exploration of minerals and environmental management (SenseFly, 2017). Transport Industries Easy transportation of materials which was earlier depended over only few transportation means. Instant deliveries to the customers, transportation of vital and imperative military devices and other several medical emergencies can be met through transportation through drone technology (Zhang, 2016). Agriculture Industries There is use of drone technology in agricultural sector in enhancing the quality and speed of various agricultural inspections, reduces the facility downtime, helps in drilling, pipeline and environmental safety inspections (ICT update, 2016). It is highly used in construction; designing and planning if rice irrigation systems. Media Industries There is use of drone technology in media sector in filming of wildlife as with the help of drones the shooting will become much easier as the risk of danger will be reduced, shooting of various events, natural disasters, crime scenes and various other activities. Tourism Industries Act as effective marketing tool, helps in creating innovative videos, show uniqueness and attractive elements of various destinations. Use by several travel agencies to attract the potential customers (Mancosu, 2016). Business scope of drone technology The use of drone technology is rapidly increasing with time. The business scope of drone technology is also getting vast as the technology is touching almost all the business sectors. There are several business scopes of drone technology such as Journalism and photography, this sector has provided immense business opportunities to the organization because of the incorporation of drone technology. There are several potential applications such as shooting of various events, natural disasters, crime scenes and various other activities which have some sort of danger or difficulty to shoot through human filming. The news channels have experienced greater success because of the use of drone technology (Brar, et al., 2015). Another business scope is deliveries and advertisements. Instant delivering of products through the use of drone technology has boosted the retail business of several organizations. The gaming business has also experienced huge growth with innovative games such as drone fighting and drone racing. There are several other sectors too which have experienced huge business scope as a result of incorporating drone technology such as Research and development, natural science, military forces, disaster aid by NGOs etc. Examples of generic use of drone technology in the industries There are few generic and practical examples of using drone technology in the business operations. Amazon Prime Air is one of the services which have been developed with the use of drone technology. By this service the company has developed an innovative service to deliver the products in just half an hour. The location of the customer who has ordered the product will be tracked through mobile and GPS. The packages which are up to 5 lbs are eligible to be delivered through drone technology. Project Wing of Google is the innovative project of Google by using drone technology so that it can have effective e delivery of things. There were news about FedEx that it had number of conversations with the manufactures of drone so that it can have effective courier services through the use of drone technology but there are chances that the global courier market will not going to soon adapt it (Brar, et al., 2015). Incorporation of drone technology in the organizational operations The incorporation of drone technology in the organizational operation is a little trouble-free now as there are few of the companies which develop effective e drone. Companies such as Matternet, DJI, 3DR and Parrot are few of the worldwide recognized companies which manufacture this technology and help the organizations in incorporating the drone technology in the business operations ((Brar, et al., 2015). The most cheapest and accessible drones are the consumer drones as they are not much expensive and can be purchased by the companies easily. For example 3D Robotics is one if the drone which encompasses a camera which have the flying capacity for 22 minutes and costs $500 (Brar, et al., 2015). Thus the incorporation is not a tough job now. For shooting of short time period events or for having small videos to boost the tourism business the organization can take use of this standard capacity drones at the initial stage. For small deliveries in the transportation business as well as for various inspections in several areas and to indentify whether the land is suitable or not the technology can be incorporate. But there are few laws and regulation which are required to be fulfilled before incorporating drone technology in the organizational operations. Short term and long term options of implementing the strategy in the organization Short term options for the organization in implementing drone strategy is taken use of this technology in the media sector as the organization can take use of drone which are not much expensive and can have a power to shoot for 1 hour. This will help the organization in achieving short term benefits by covering potential events, scenes and activities. The organization also have long term options of implementing this strategy by taking use of highly effective and extensive nature of drone technology. This requires great capital investment. But once the technology has been purchased the organization can take use of the drone in almost all the sectors in which it is presently working as well as the diversifying sectors also. Advantages of incorporating drone technology There are several advantages of incorporating and using the drone technology in an organization and its interested areas. The primary advantage which the organizations realize is the surpassing the traffic, this is one of the mast innovative aspect by which the organizations can beat the rapidly increasing traffic and can have fact delivery and completion of operations and this will help in boosting the transportation business of the organization (Rahman, 2014). The second advantage of this technology is that there are several places where it is not possible to visit, but with the use of drones the organizations can have collection of information from those dangerous environments. The next advantage is the technology is highly eco-friendly. There is no such use of toxic substances which can harm the environment as well as there are several uses of this technology by which there can be achieved high amount of environmental protection (Hayes, Jones and Toepfer, 2014). The next advantag e which the organization can achieve while diversifying the business in the media sector is the filming of wildlife as with the help of drones the shooting will become much easier as the risk of danger will be reduced from various danger and harmful creatures. Another benefit of using drones is that it is not restricted by any infrastructural barrier as there are no boundaries because of the various infrastructural factors and thus there is extensive reach of drones. This will ultimately help in boosting the tourism and media business of the organization. Other merits of using drone technology are that they can be used in almost all the spheres, take use of natural energy as well as it can record and witness high speed (Klauser and Pedrozo, 2015). Disadvantages of incorporating drone technology There are several negative implications which can be faced by the organization by incorporating the drone technology in the function. The first most disadvantage of drones technology is the weather conditions. The role of weather condition is highly vital in the functioning of the drones. There are few physical barriers which restricts the effective functioning of drones such as the air traffic, birds, wires and high wind. All these things obstruct drones by appearing as a barricade in the working such as the delivery of materials etc. And as a result it will impede the inspections of lands and the deliveries of products (Crosston, 2014). As the organization wants to diversify its business segment in media then it will be a disadvantage for the company as because of non-happening weather conditions there will be no use of such technology. The next demerit of taking use of drone technology is the legal obligations as the use of drone number of times violates the various privacy rights . The companies take use of drones for getting some confidential information which creates legal suits against the unlawful use of the technology. It is number of times difficult for the drones to fly between the residential areas and the fulfillment centric region. There are two very major threats or disadvantages of taking use of drone technology individuals very much easy and flexible to get shoot down and the speed to get slow of the drones (DiTullio, 2016). The drones work through batteries and it can be one of the disadvantages for the organization as there is limited battery power. One major demerit of this technology is dropping down of the GPS signals which can obstruct the work and functioning in-between. Because of the various tall building and several out of reach places the GPS signals do not work properly which might develop issues for the organization. Thus in the areas of interest i.e. media, tourism, transport, agriculture and mining, the organization will not be ab le to take effective e use of the technology because of the fact that there are some in tourism there will be required strong GPS signal, in transport the company will not able to send high weighted materials. (Upchurch, 2015). Ethical, social and legal considerations related to the use of technology It is one the biggest ethical issue of taking use of things on which there is no accessible rights have been granted to the companies. This is breaching of ethical norms. There were several actions performed by organizations which are against the ethical standard (Brunstetter and Braun, 2011). There are several social considerations as it is a set belief that some nations are taking use of this technology just to develop terrorism and other violence activities. This breaks the social peace and occurs as one of the major issue in the society (Bataoel, 2011). There are several privacy concerns which get violated because of the use of drone technology. The companies have to experience law suits if they break any law and regulations regarding the use of drone technology. The confidential information is not allowed to be accessed through the use of this technology (Michael and Miller, 2013). Conclusion The use of drone technology has been rapidly increasing in the business sector too. From customer, social and service all view the use of drone technology is effectively rising. The report concludes that the current use of drones can be explained in the customer view as the drones has been taken use to have the most quick delivery of the products to the customers as well as fulfilling the non-existent demands. From the societal factor the use of drones can be explained in the various reaches which are generally beyond the roads and the sector use in the societal aspect is the protection of the wildlife and the nature. From the view of service provider the use of drone technology is extremely high. As the drone technology is used as win the race against time by delivering the products in the least time consumed, efficient and effective delivery, for catering the various niche demands and to reduce the involvement of the human in number of activities and operations. There are several s ectors which are taking use of this innovative drone technology such as for protecting wildlife, photography, rescue and search, sports, military use and surveillance. The use of drone technology is one of the innovative steps of the organization but still there after both positive as well as negative impacts of the incorporation of this technology in the organization. The companies are required to reduce the disadvantages such as the limited and restricted battery power, tiny and small in nature for the purpose of transportation of the materials etc. Thus it can be concluded that the organization can achieved huge success if it incorporate adequate drone technology in its business operations. Recommendations There are few recommendations provided as the ICT manger of the organization to reduce the disadvantages and overcome the various ethical, social and legal considerations which are associated with the use of drone technology as it is necessary that these issues must be prevented and resolved for effective functioning of drone. There are few solutions to overcome the issues arise due to ethical, social and legal considerations such as following up all the legal regulations and laws in accessing any information or data. There should not be breach of any act or law by taking unauthorized use of any confidential documents or other private properties. The Government must also have a strict check over the use of drone technology so that no violence activities can take place through the use of drone technology such as bomb blasting etc. so that the social issue and considerations can be resolved (Sandvik and Lohne, 2014). The organization is diversifying its business in the tourism as well as in the media sector so it can also have use of initial level of drone technology first so that its outcomes can be measured. Once there are positive results of the incorporation of technology there can be implementation of drone technology in extensive level. References Bataoel, V. (2011). On the use of drones in military operations in Libya: ethical, legal, and social issues.Synesis: A Journal of Science, Technology, Ethics, and Policy,2(1), G69-G76. Brar, S., Rabbat, R., Raithatha, V., Runcie, G., and Yu, A., (2015). Drones for Deliveries, Pp.21, on: 15th January, 2017, Retrieved from: https://scet.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/ConnCarProjectReport-1.pdf Brunstetter, D., Braun, M. (2011). The implications of drones on the just war tradition.Ethics International Affairs,25(03), 337-358. Camilli, l. (2015). Emerging technologies, applications, regulations, and market challenges in the consumer aerial drone industry. Corcoran, M., (2013). Drone wars: The definition dogfight, Retrieved on: 15th January, 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-03-01/drone-wars-the-definition-dogfight/4546598 Crosston, M. (2014). Future Challenges in Drone Geopolitics.Journal of Strategic Security,7(4), 2. DiTullio, L. T. (2016). Safety and Privacy Policy Regarding Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAVs). Hayes, B., Jones, C., Toepfer, E. (2014). Eurodrones Inc.Transnational Institute and Statewatch, London, https://www. tni. org/eurodrones. ICT update, (2016). Drones for agriculture, Issue (82), Pp.28, Retrieved on: 15th January, 2017, Retrieved from: https://publications.cta.int/media/publications/downloads/ICT082E_PDF.pdf Klauser, F., Pedrozo, S. (2015). Power and space in the drone age: a literature review and politico-geographical research agenda.Geogr. Helv,70, 285-293. Mancosu, M., (2016). How Drones Are Changing Tourism Marketing, Retrieved on: 15th January, 2017, Retrieved from: https://skytango.com/how-drones-are-changing-tourism-marketing/ Michael, K., Miller, K. W. (2013). Big data: New opportunities and new challenges [guest editors' introduction].Computer,46(6), 22-24. Rahman, M. A. (2014, July). Enabling drone communications with WiMAX Technology. InInformation, Intelligence, Systems and Applications, IISA 2014, The 5th International Conference on(pp. 323-328). IEEE. Ravich, T. M. (2014, November). Assessing'Drones for Good'--Public UASs in the Middle East. InThe 2nd International Aviation Management Conference. Sandvik, K. B., Lohne, K. (2014). The rise of the humanitarian drone: Giving content to an emerging concept.Millennium-Journal of International Studies,43(1), 145-164. SenseFly, (2017). Drones for mining, Retrieved on: 15th January, 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.sensefly.com/applications/mining.html Upchurch, E. K. (2015). Drone on the Farm: The Benefits and Controversies Surrounding the Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Agriculture.Drake J. Agric. L.,20, 309. Zhang, J. (2016). Applying Drones in the Resource Sector, A Few Regulatory Considerations and Challenges, Pp.23, Retrieved on: 15th January, 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.metsignited.org/Attachment?Action=DownloadAttachment_id=19

Censorship of Social Networking Sites in Developing Countries

The Process of Writing a Stunning Research Paper

The Process of Writing a Stunning Research Paper The first sign of getting older in terms of education is a new writing assignment known as a research paper. Compared to a regular high school writing task like essay, college research paper requires much more time and efforts. While you don’t have to add an abstract and appendix to your essay, a scientific research paper usually requires these sections to be included. A research paper is usually assigned to the students of scientific classes like Biology, Physics, Astronomy, etc. It occupies more than 1 page. When writing a research paper, students have to stick to other writing styles than simple MLA. That is why often students get stuck with the writing process and turn to online writing services. The Role of a Research Paper in Your Education To be sincere, there is no single successful formula for writing a stunning research paper. The structure remains the same, but you have to come up with your original voice to gain teacher’s appreciation. In case you are an author in a scientific magazine or academic journal, it is a must to present some innovative ideas. Otherwise, your piece won’t be interesting to read. We are not talking about writing a magazine article so far. It makes the mission a bit easier. Still, a research paper weighs 20-30% of your course grade, so it deserves more attention than quizzes and small homework assignments. If you are great at writing common school essays, you have higher chances to cope with the task like developing a research or term paper. It plays a significant role in your self-development and general score per course. That is why it is impossible to ignore the meaning of this task. Before you start writing your first research project ever, it is recommended to view at least a couple of books on academic writing. It will give you a clue on what structure should look like. Basic Writing Advice for College Students Please read this section with general writing tips before moving to the work on your first draft. There are some things that make a process of writing a research paper different from writing a typical essay. You should consider these nuances first. Start writing your first draft early. As soon as you begin to write the first page, you’ll get to the point. An early start makes it possible to have enough time for review and corrections later. You need to have at least a couple of months ahead to catch up with the final deadline. The first month should be dedicated to finding sources and making notes. Pay attention to all related in-class readings too. Take advantage of the time at your disposal – remember that in-depth analysis demands a plenty of efforts. Try to use only official language while writing. English slang and jargon words are forbidden. After all, we are talking about college project instead of a blog or fashion magazine article. Insert different scientific terms while writing, but make sure to explain their meaning. Do not use words that you don’t know. You risk falling into the trap when your tutor asks you about any of the complex terms. Write the full interpretations of each abbreviation when it is applied for the first time in your text. Select the research paper topic wisely. There are times when your tutor does not assign a specific topic to discuss. It means that you can decide on your own, but you can only choose any topic related to the studies subject. Go through your in-class notes and lecture writings – perhaps, you will find something interesting over there. Another great place to look for good ideas is media. Select only up-to-date sources as your primary sources. Under this term, we mean sources that are no more than 5 years old. Show a keen interest in your teacher. By picking one of the recommended topics from your course syllabus or research paper instructions, you show the respect to your tutor. Tutors love to be listened and heard. It makes no sense to pick the easiest topic – usually, it is not curious at all. Moreover, you’ll be having hard times when there will be nothing left to say. Still, you have to obey the word limit set by your teacher. Also, try to find the topic from your list which seems interesting to both you and your teacher. Add innovative ideas to your study – and here we go! Narrow down †¦ everything! Although a research paper contains much more pages than an essay, it has to be concise as well. Avoid wordiness and writing complex, long sentences. Talk only about specific arguments in pure English. Explain the details, but don’t dedicate an entire page to a single question. At the same time, don’t write down hooey just to fill up space. Cite background readings. A research paper has to be cited. It must include direct and indirect quotations to support each point with some evidence. The last step of your research paper writing process is Bibliography. You should place all applied sources in alphabetical or chronological order once you are finished. A published source is the best proof of your words. Sure thing, it has to be credible and time-tested. That’s why Wikipedia or Quora are not the most appropriate sources for writing a good research paper. Always prepare an outline and keep it. You can come up with the table of contents or detailed outline – anyway, you need an action plan not to get lost in your research paper. An outline is a detailed plan which includes all steps you have to take to finish the process of writing a research paper. Every point describes the questions you discuss in separate sections. Order professional help from time to time. It is okay to get tired of the writing process sometimes. In such situation, you may contact professional academic writing service to hire the best experts in your field. You may either order a custom research paper (made from scratch) or pay only for the revision of your current draft. In any case, here you can find a writing help you deserve. Steps and Actions You Have to Take It is time to move from listing the general rules to the discussion of the paper’s major parts and writing process itself. Developing Introduction Just after reading all those creepy articles and textbooks, picking your topic, and preparing an outline, you should work on the most important part of any academic paper – introduction. A research project has to possess a powerful thesis statement. In addition, a first paragraph must explain why the particular ideas were chosen, how society can benefit from studying the chosen topic, which methods and sources were applied to the research, and what kind of results the author expected to obtain. Pose a research question clearly to provide an answer at the end of your project. Of course, potential readers can learn everything they need from a summary which precedes introduction. This summary is called an abstract. Research papers suppose to have one. It has to occupy no more than 1/3 of the page, but it has to give answers to all disturbing questions like introduction does with the only difference that an abstract also recalls the results. Pretend that you are not the author of the research paper when writing an abstract. Write it in the shape of an independent review like this: Abstract Ten Lessons from Biotechnology Experiences written by three representatives of such organizations as Food and Agriculture Organization and Research and Extension Unit offers a review of nineteen studies that proved the effectiveness of biotechnologies used to meet the requirements of smallholders. Anyway, further organization of your research paper often depends on the introduction. Find out which fact or statistics may encourage your target reader. As far as it’s not an essay, you can’t use jokes or proverbs. Research papers imply the usage of scientific techniques only. The main idea of introduction is obvious: present your ideas and start writing the body of your research paper. Body Paragraphs There can be more than 3 body paragraphs in your paper. When you are describing the methodology, it may take more space than you think. Besides, you’ll have to include findings and discussion. While each paragraph of the school or college essay begins with some argument which has to support thesis statement, the body in research papers is rather inconsistent. You may want to write about methods first and then add some information about the tools and equipment used during the experiment. You may be writing about the sample population in more details in case this parameter is very important for your study. As you can guess, a research paper involves much more steps than any other academic assignment (except for the dissertation which is even bigger and more complicated). When you’re finished with methodology, dedicate several sentences or even paragraphs to describing materials that were used to complete your research. Remember to refer to your initial outline when you’re getting confused. This way you’ll save the logical flow of your thoughts. Writing Discussion and Conclusion These two sections appear one after another in your research paper. The discussion should still be done in the official tone. Despite the name of this section, it’s not a forum discussion. Sometimes, students may skip discussion if the research project is not that complicated. If your paper is rather large and confusing, include this part into your outline to make some things clear. For instance, you may stress the importance of the study and give good reasons. Read the entire research paper before writing a conclusion. You will need to refresh your mind again when developing an abstract and bibliography. The goal of the results part which is the last paragraph of any research paper is to state and interpret your findings and their significance for your community. Mention all points that you have applied in your research paper to defend your thesis. Highlight the basic arguments that support your position towards a particular topic. The conclusion must sound logical and objective without adding your own preferences. Make sure to answer the main question of the study and give explanations to each figure, table, chart, or graph. Additional Hints on Research Paper Writing One of the most important parts is a bibliography. In some writing styles, it is called , while in APA it is mentioned as References page. It is better to take notes each time you use another source in your academic project. You have to cite all sources: from those that you quoted to those that simply helped you on the way to your complete paper. Include all publication information for each source: Author’s name Title of the book/journal/article Date of publishing Page number Issue, number, volume (if available) The list of all researched sources has to appear in the alphabetical order. Sometimes, you may be required to keep it in chronological order. Get acquainted with special guides for attributing sources before getting started. Here are several examples in MLA format: Creed, Barbara. â€Å"Horror and the Monstrous-Feminine. An Imaginary Abjection.† Horror, the Film Reader, 2002, pp. 67-75. Freud, Sigmund. â€Å"Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality.† New York: Basic Books, 1962, 24. Post-writing procedures consist of proofreading and editing your final paper. We don’t recommend submitting the project once you’re done. There can be many different mistakes. Check the structure of your research paper from the reader’s point of view. Does it make sense to you? Is every sentence logical? Have a look at the word order and other tiny details. Launch some grammar-checking software to see whether there are any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors. Often, such apps help to define plagiarism index as well. It has to be minimized in case it is more than 5%. Some professors ask for even higher uniqueness. To have this procedure done successfully, make use of: a dictionary or spellcheck a thesaurus for synonyms a grammar book Another method is to send your research paper draft to online editing services to have back a perfect content free of any mistakes. We hope that these tips on writing a research paper were useful for all students and their working colleagues.

Risk assessment for a de novo company in a developing country Essay

Risk assessment for a de novo company in a developing country - Essay Example This report stresses that auto parts are a two-edged sword in China. The world auto parts industry has discovered that, for those parts that have a medium- to high labor cost component, China is an endless supply of inexperienced and relatively skilled labor that can produce their parts. If our joint venture establishes itself, there may be several competitors who follow in quickly behind us. There are no barriers to entry. Franchise value would allow our company to charge a premium over generic auto parts suppliers for the perceived quality of our products. This is our guarantee that foreign and domestic Chinese automobile manufacturers would like to use our product in preference to a commodity-type supplier. There is a danger of copying in China, which is greater than other parts of the world. As in developing countries such as India, copyright laws and enforcement are relatively weak. If an erstwhile competitor would like to copy our product, and even put our name on that product, it may take some time before we would be successful in closing down that company’s copycat products. This paper makes a conclusion that the audit function is not simply an â€Å"after-the-fact† exercise. The company needs to put policies and procedures in place which conform to SEC disclosure rules and US laws about foreign practices. The Board should create a separate China subcommittee, and review on a regular (perhaps quarterly) basis the conformance to these requirements. In addition, the outside auditing firm can recommend additional ‘safety’ measures to insure that the JV complies.

Federal Liability Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Federal Liability Law - Essay Example They also started destroying the properties of the Black Americans so that they can accomplish their objections and influence the forthcoming elections. Moreover, they started discriminating in the registration of voting on the basis of color and race. In order to stop the violence of the Ku Klux Klan Act, President Ulysses Grant took power in his hands and implemented the Civil Act of 1871 against the southerners on April 20, 1871. President Ulysses Grant made use of his power and sent federal troops to the south to stop the harassment and slaughtering of the Black Americans. During his period many supporters of the Ku Klux Klan Act were under arrest and prisoned for the massacres they had committed. He also had forbidden discrimination on the basis of color and caste (Kappeler, 2006). According to the section of 1983, if any police officer, government officer, mayor or municipality violates any constitutional law then he will be sued by the citizens. In the past the government and the municipalities could not be sued under the law because they enjoyed immunity. According to the section of 1983, the state enjoys immunity but the municipality and other government parties do not. The Supreme Court has developed various tests to check whether the conduct constitutes the state or the private action of the state officer. These tests include the public function test, the nexus test and the state compulsion test. A policy was established by plaintiff to create municipal liability for the conduct of the police officer. In order to establish municipal liability a police officer must violate a constitutional right. According to the Supreme Court, the failure to train results in deliberate differences. The concept deliberates that indifferences exist when police officers com e in contact with the rights of the people. Therefore various steps were taken by the Supreme Court to reduce the deliberate differences. Training programs

Business Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Business Law - Case Study Example (II) The federal statute to protect endangered bird species could be challenged in US District Court located in Minnesota, and the Missouri state statute about toxic-carrying vehicles could be challenged at the Circuit Court of Missouri, while the one dealing with interracial couples could be challenged at Circuit Court of Missouri (Family branch). (III) The argument against the Federal Statute to protect endangered birds would be that the State of Minnesota has not enacted any laws against using the area for construction purposes; the argument against Missouri state statutes would be that the US Constitution (which is the last legally binding documents for US citizens) doesn’t enforce such requirements. (I) Ralph can either lodge his case at Nevada Supreme Court or use the US District Court in Nevada. These two courts have the constitutional powers to hear the litigation instituted by Ralph against Drug-Free Enterprises for breaching the contractual agreement between them (Clarkson et al., 2008). (ii) Addressing the issue of jurisdiction authority, Nevada Supreme Court has the Constitutional authority to hear the case because Drug-Free Enterprises is incorporated in its jurisdiction. With similar reason, the US Constitution has statutes that handle the issue of breach of commercial contracts. And since all states in America are legally bound by the US Constitution (under the jurisdiction of the federal government), hence the US District Court in Nevada can hear this litigation against Drug-Free Enterprises (Clarkson et al., 2008). (iii) In order for Ralph to win this case, his argument must be presented strongly by invoking the statutes of the Federal Government and the state of Nevada that prohibit the act of contract-breaching. Such laws include Section 235 (2) of the Restatement Second of Contracts and comment (b) to Section 235, which states that inability to performance a contractual duty is a breach of the

Event Report: Tshechu in Bhutan

Event Report: Tshechu in Bhutan Information report (750 words) Plan, research and write a report on any major event in your country- include at least three appropriate references Topic: Thimphu Tshechu / Festival (10th day of the Bhutanese calendar) Introduction: In my homeland of Bhutan, we celebrate an event known as Tshechu. It is an annual religious Bhutanese festival which is held on the 10th day of a month of the Bhutanese lunar calendar. Tshechu is a very grand colourful festival that is celebrated throughout the different regions of Bhutan in different months. It is celebrated for three or four days continuously and it is declared as government holiday.ÂÂ   Tshechu is one of the festivals which defines the unique culture and tradition of Bhutan. There are 20 districts in Bhutan and in each district Tshechu is held on different days and months, but always on the 10th day of the lunar calendar. As every year Thimphu Tshechu is celebrated either at the end of September or first week of October, therefore I have decided to choose Thimphu Tshechu as the upcoming festival in my country as the topic for the English Certificate IV assignment. This Tshechu is witnessed by thousands of people many of which travel from neighbouring Dzongkha gs (districts) to attend the festivities. The actual Tshechu is preceded by days and nights of prayer and rituals to invoke the gods (www.tourism.gov.bt, n.d). Main Topic: In the 746AD, the ruler of Bumthang Dzongkhag (one of the twenty districts in Bhutan in the Eastern region) popularly known as the Shindha Raja (King), fell seriously ill. Many known doctors and spiritual heads were called from India and Tibet. However, the Kings illness could not be cured. On hearing this, the great saint, Guru Padmashambhava, the first born from the lotus came to Bumthang in 746AD to cure the Kings illness.ÂÂ   It was found that the King was harmed by one of the most powerful local black demon. The local demon was hiding in a deep cave. Guru Rinpoche conducted many powerful and spiritual rituals to subdue the demon but the demon refused to be summoned. Guru Padmahambhava performed one of the scarciest dances known as the Eight Manifestation of Guru Phadmashambhava. The Eight Manifestation of Guru Padmashambhava are the eight principal forms assumed by Guru Rinpoche at different points in his life (rigpawiki.org, 2015) . In the eight manifestations, Guru came i n different forms depending on the circumstances. In this case of curing the Shindha Rajas illness, Guru Phadmashambhava performed different dances. The demon which was hiding in the cave got curious after a while and decided to come out to have a look in the form of a snake.ÂÂ   At this moment, Guru Phadmashambhava took the form of Jachung or Garuda which is a large legendary bird, bird-like creature or humanoid bird (Wikipedia.org, 2017) and captured the demon. This is how Guru Phadmashambhava subdued the demon and cured Sindha Raja of his long illness. From that Era onwards, many great saints and Lamas visiting Bhutan from India and Tibet to spread the Buddha dharma started performing the eight manifestations of Guru. Slowly, this came to be known as the Tshechu which is celebrated on the auspicious 10th day of a month of the Bhutanese lunar calendar. Thimphu Tshechu is one of the biggest Tshechu celebrated in Bhutan which attracts thousand s of local as well as the highest number of tourist. Tshechus are large social gatherings, which perform the function of social bonding among people of remote and spread-out villages. Large markets also congregate at the fair locations, leading to brisk commerce (wikipedia.org, 2017). During the Tshechus, the towns are decorated with bright lights and in the evening different shows are performed in the town. Many small food stalls are set up as well. Tshechu is also an occasion for family and friends gatherings. Every one going to see the Tshechu dresses up in their most expensive and colourful traditional dresses and ornaments. Every family pack a very grand lunch and snacks which later they have with their families, relatives and friends. On the last day of the Tshechu, a large Thongdrel- a large unique antique hand painted and blessed painting measuring up to 9-12 metres in length and breadth which usually have the painting of Guru Padmasambhava is displayed in the early morning and is taken down before the sun rise. For many, to witness the unfurling of Thangka is to accumulate merits and receiving blessings (Zhao, 2017). Conclusion: Thimphu Tshechu which is celebrated in the capital of Bhutan is one of the biggest festivals celebrated in the country. This Tshechu is a much-awaited occasion for the people of Thimphu as well as for the whole country. Tshechu celebration is a unique tradition and custom in Bhutan which serves as bridge between the ancient times and the modern times, also a platform to bind the old and the young people, share common beliefs and it also signifies the uniqueness of the Kingdom of Bhutan. References: Eight Manifestation of Guru Padmashambhava (2016). Tibetan Buddhism. Retrieved 30 August, 2016 from www.rigpawiki.org Garuda (2017). Retrieved February 10,2017 from Wikipedia.org (Thimphu Tshechu, n.d.). Retrieved August 28, 2016 from www.tourism.gov.bt Things to know about Tshechu in Bhutan (2017). Retrieved February 10, 2017 from www.indiaodysseytours.com Tshechu (2017). Retrieved February 21, 2017 from www.wikipedia.org

Against Schools Essay -- Analysis, John Gatto

In John Gatto’s essay â€Å"Against Schools† he states from experience as a school teacher that are current educational system is at fault (148). He claims that classrooms are often filled with boredom manufactured by repetitive class work and unenthusiastic teachings. Students are not actively engaged and challenged by their work and more often than not they have either already covered the concepts taught in class or they just do not understand what is being taught to them. The children contained in classrooms have come to believe that their teachers are not all that knowledgeable about the subjects that they are teaching and this advances their apathy towards education. The teachers also feel disadvantaged while fulfilling their roles as teachers because the students often bring rude and careless attitudes to class. Teachers often wish to change the curriculums that are set for students in order to create a more effective lesson plan, but they are restricted by stric t regulations and consequences that bind them to their compulsory teachings (148-149). An active illustration of John Gatto’s perspective on our educational system can be found in Mike Rose’s essay â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average† (157). Throughout this piece of literature the author Mike Rose describes the kind of education he received while undergoing teachings in the vocational track. During Mike’s vocational experiences he was taught by teachers that were inexperienced and poorly trained in the subjects they taught. As a result, their lesson plan and the assignments they prepared for class were not designed to proficiently teach students anything practical. For example, the curriculum of Mike Rose’s English class for the entire semester consisted of the repeated reading of ... ...o think for themselves. He believes that students will become more active and informed citizens if they are brought up to think for themselves (155). Gatto’s proposed solutions can be found successfully applied in Mike Rose’s essay. In his essay he describes the mediocre education he received while on the vocational track. Mike’s future was looking rather grim until he came under the instruction of Jack MacFarland. This man was a wise and enthusiastic teacher who challenged students academically. He encouraged and inspired students to read, to be proactive in their classes, and to think for themselves. His classes were engaging and the students were interested in his teachings (165-167). The fact that the same solutions that Gatto proposed in his essay was successful applied elsewhere proves that teaching practices need and can to change for the better.

Medical Billing Process Essay

The medical billing process is when claims are filed to insurance companies requesting payment to providers who rendered the services to a patient. There are ten steps to make this process that we went over earlier in the class. Those ten steps include preregistering the patients, establish financial responsibilities for visits, check in patients, check out patients, review coding compliance, check billing compliance, prepare and transmit claims, monitor payer adjudication, generate patient statements, and follow up patient payments and collections. I think it goes along with the first step and all throughout. We use HIPAA to get insurance information from the patients and their demographic information to schedule appointments. HIPAA is there to protect the patient’s information. When you get ready to check out the ICD code book and the CPT codes would be used to get the diagnosis, treatment, and procedures. For the HCPCS codes, they do not provide any information about the diagnosis, just about what procedure was performed. The HCPCS codes are used to process outpatient services and professional services. ICD codes are required by HIPAA for inpatient services. The coding is done by the coding team that codes based on the information provided by the doctor. The people handle the medical billing process have to make sure they keep the patient information confidential because of HIPAA regulations. All the coding must be documented correctly so that you will not have any issues with payments.

The normal distribution Essays

The normal distribution Essays The normal distribution Essay The normal distribution Essay When many measures are taken of something (eg, scores in a test, peoples heights, pollution levels in rivers) the spread of the values will have a bell shape, called the normal distribution. A number of statistical tests use this characteristic distribution (or dispersion) of values to test whether two samples are the same or different. There are several basic terms that are commonly used with the normal distribution. Average (mean) A measure of the average score in a set of data. The mean is found by adding up all the scores and then dividing by the number of scores. Range The difference between the largest core and the and smallest score. Median If a set of scores are arranged from lowest to highest the median is the score in the middle, with half above and half below. Mode The value that occurs most often Standard deviation s A measure of the standard (average) deviation of the scores from the mean.The larger the standard deviation the larger the range of values/variation in the data 1. Subtract each score from the mean 2. Times each difference by itself (negs turn positive) 3. Add up all the squared differences 4. Divide the total by the number of scores minus 1 5. Take the square root Standard deviation The normal distribution at right shows the percentage of scores/observations that lie within one, two or three standard deviations either side of the mean. That is, 68%, 95% and 99.7%. The 95% value, which is used as the standard in tests of significance) lies between 1.96 standard deviations either side of the mean. Standard deviation of a sample is the squared difference between each score and the mean ? means the sum of all the squared differences (add them all up) n 1 means the number of scores minus 1 The table below shows how to calculate the average and the standard deviation of a set of seven example scores in the first column. The average is 39.93 and the standard deviation is 2.73. Sample scores Score average (average = 39.93) (Score average)2 41 1.07 1.14 43 3.07 9.42 37.5 -2.43 5.90 38.5 -1.43 2.04 44 4.07 16.56 38 -1.93 3.72 37.5 -2.43 5.90 Average = 39.93 44.71 Total up all the squared differences Range = Median = Mode = 6.5 38.5 37.5 Then calculate the square root to get the standard deviation Comparing two samples: using the t test The average, standard deviation and the number of scores in each sample are the three things needed to do a t test. A t test is used with two samples of data to test whether they are significantly different (ie, whether one is truly higher or lower than the other). The same sample of scores as used above is now compared with another sample of scores. Sample 1 scores Sample 2 scores 41 38 43 32 37.5 35.5 38.5 33 44 31.5 38 40.5 37.5 34 Average () 39.93 34.93 Standard deviation (s) 2.73 3.31 Number of scores (n) 7 7 1. Put the values into the equation and work it out carefully! 2. Note down the value of t found. In this case it is 3.08. 3. You will also need to know how many degrees of freedom to use with the critical values of t table. Degrees of freedom = (nsample1 + nsample2) 2 . In this example this equals 7 + 7 -2 = 12. 4. Find the value of t for that number of degrees of freedom using the table supplied (it is 2.179). Since the value calculated for your data is higher than it the difference is judged to be significant/real (at the 5% level). That is, the difference between the samples has less than a 5% chance of occurring by chance (being a fluke). It doesnt matter if the value of t is negative or positive: just use the positive value to work significance. Mathematics assignment (Due 12.00 pm Monday the 13th January 2003, and must be handed in to Jeanette Bray or Jean Worrell at the Help Desk in UH 255). I need to see how each question was worked out. I will not give marks for answers without calculations. I will be available for revision for the exam in GN101 10-12 and 2-4 on Fri 3rd. 1. The relationship between wombat weight and their production of methane gas is shown below. a) Draw a line of best fit through the data points and use it to derive the equation for the line (y = mx + c). b) Rearrange it to solve for x. That is x = .. c) Use the equation from part b to predict the weight of a wombat that produced 12.2 mg methane per hour. 2. Calculate the average, range, median and mode for the following set of data (a random set of your exam results from the last exam): 66.25, 15, 32.5, 26.25, 48.75, 48.75, 36.25, 35, 68.75, 72.5, 43.75, 40, 20, 48.75, 12.5, 41.25, 53.75, 50, 31.25, 95, 22.5, 33.75, 27.5, 55, 12.5, 45, 18.75, 42.5, 62.5, 85, 75 Degrees of freedom Value of t that must be exceeded (5% level) 1 12.706 2 4.303 3 3.182 4 2.776 5 2.571 6 2.447 7 2.365 8 2.306 9 2.262 10 2.228 11 2.201 12 2.179 13 2.160 14 2.145 15 2.131 16 2.120 17 2.110 18 2.101 19 2.093 20 2.086 22 2.074 24 2.064 26 2.056 28 2.048 30 2.042 40 2.021 60 2.000 120 1.980 3. The two sets of data given below are resting heart rates for a group of students and a group of professional athletes. Use the t test to find out if they are significantly different (using the table at right to test the value of t with the appropriate number of degrees of freedom). I need to see how the mean, standard deviation and t value were calculated. Professional Students athletes 57.1 61.7 47.6 47.0 58.0 55.5 74.8 62.6 66.4 41.8 51.9 60.8 64.2 50.2 49.6 44.2 67.2 45.4 62.6 39.3

Answers to Questions About Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Constructions

Answers to Questions About Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Constructions Answers to Questions About Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Constructions Answers to Questions About Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Constructions By Mark Nichol The following questions from readers pertain to how to distinguish essential information from nonessential information. 1. A colleague of mine wrote, â€Å"Institutions need to be able to collect and collate data in a centralized tool, which is easily accessible and can be mined to inform data-analytics activities.† I corrected it to â€Å"Institutions need to be able to collect and collate data in a centralized tool that is easily accessible and can be mined to inform data-analytics activities,† but she disagrees with the edit. I know I’m right, but how do I explain it to her? In your revision, you have altered the sentence to reflect the writer’s interest in presenting the essential details that the centralized tool is easily accessible and is conducive to data mining. The original version of the sentence offers the details in an offhand fashion, set off as a subordinate clause rather than as part of the main clause. Both versions are grammatically valid, but only your revision conveys the emphasis the writer intends. 2. When is it right to put a comma in front of â€Å"such as†? In many of your examples, I notice that there is no specific standard to using â€Å"such as.† At times, you write it as â€Å", such as,† and at other times, you omit the comma preceding â€Å"such as.† Are there any rules to using a comma before â€Å"such as†? Precede â€Å"such as† with a comma when the phrase that includes the listed examples is not essential to the sentence, such as in â€Å"The program offers team sports, such as basketball and softball, for adults in recreational and competitive leagues.† Omit a comma before â€Å"such as† when the information is essential: â€Å"The program offers team sports such as the ones listed below for adults in both recreational and competitive leagues.† The wording in these examples is identical, but there’s a subtle difference in meaning: The commas in the first example set off the phrase â€Å"such as basketball and softball† as a parenthesis in the main clause â€Å"The program offers team sports for adults in recreational and competitive leagues,† which states that the program is exclusively for adults. The second sentence refers to a list of sports for adults in recreational and competitive leagues, implying that other team sports may be offered that are exclusively for children or are for adults or children alike or are only recreational or only competitive. 3. â€Å"In the sentence ‘Chairs that don’t have cushions are uncomfortable to sit on,’ I think which is acceptable in place of that, because chairs is a nonperson noun. I would appreciate if you let me know why that is the only correct answer.† The fact that chairs refers to a class of objects, rather than people, is irrelevant. That is not the only correct answer, but it is the best one. In American English, most careful writers employ that and which distinctly to clarify the difference in meaning between restrictively and nonrestrictively constructed sentences: â€Å"Chairs that don’t have cushions are uncomfortable to sit on† refers to a particular class of chairs: those without cushions. The implication is that many chairs are comfortable; the ones specifically referred to are a categorical exception. â€Å"Chairs, which don’t have cushions, are uncomfortable to sit on† expresses- erroneously- that all chairs are cushionless. (The phrase â€Å"which don’t have cushions† is parenthetical; it can be omitted without altering the meaning of the basic sentence: â€Å"Chairs are uncomfortable to sit on.† However, this sentence is also incorrect in its assertion.) Some writers will use which in both types of sentences: â€Å"Chairs which don’t have cushions are uncomfortable to sit on† and this is common in British English but most people (at least those in the United States) recognize that the distinctive wording helps strengthen the role of the commas in distinguishing meaning. By the way, although â€Å"Chairs, which don’t have cushions, are uncomfortable to sit on† and the abridged version, â€Å"Chairs are uncomfortable to sit on,† are logically erroneous comfortable chairs certainly do exist (though, unfortunately, I’m not sitting in one right now) a similarly constructed sentence can be valid: â€Å"Ostriches, which can’t fly, rely on their strong legs for mobility.† Conversely, because no ostriches are capable of flight, â€Å"Ostriches that can’t fly rely on their strong legs for mobility† is problematic. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesDisappointed + Preposition150 Foreign Expressions to Inspire You

Finance - Assurance and Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Finance - Assurance and Audit - Essay Example Internal audit function Fight (2002, p. 27) asserts that internal auditing serves the basic purpose of protecting the shareholders. Its role revolves around operational efficacy, financial reporting reliability, investigation and deterrence of fraud, asset safeguarding as well as ensuring compliance with the laws and regulations. Technically, internal auditors have a vital role in protection of the firm assets and their entire activities sum up to asset protection, which is also protection of the shareholders. According to Vinten (2004, p. 13), prevention of fraud revolves around monitoring of the financial procedures, including records and asset verification. Managers and other stakeholders commonly misappropriate these areas. A shareholder is an individual, an institution or a corporate with shares in a firm and has rights to the firm assets in case of liquidation. In essence, they own the company stock and have the right to protection from fraud and misappropriation. Internal audi tors have to protect the shareholders from financial loss resulting from fraudulent activities, obliteration of vital financial records, and concession of valuable, confidential information to unauthorized people, disruptive loss of business opportunities, unauthorized use of firm resources and confidence and customer relationship loss. Within a firm, it is easy to control most of the consequences by the appropriate application of internal control measures, including proper auditing procedures. Audit failure has brought questions about independent audit, yet it is necessary to note that auditing plays a significant role in the functioning of financial systems in any firm. It values the roles that financial reporters in firms play. However, the relevance of independent auditing is only visible when there is no fraud and absence of business failures after completion of auditing. This raises the questions regarding the need for independent auditors and one has to recognize the fact tha t a wide majority of audits stand the test of time when considering allegations of audit failures (Vinten, 2004, p. 45). There is normally an expectation that external auditors detect financial statement fraud and illegal acts by employees, which affect the financial reports integrity. The big concern is normally on misstatements in internally audited financial statements External auditors prepare reports regarding internal control over financial reporting. In the report, they outline the appropriateness of the management’s assessment of the internal controls and whether the company has maintained efficiency in control of internal financial reporting. Internal auditing carries out the initial auditing and prepares the financial reporting statements. In general, external auditors assess the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting, the design and operation of internal control over financial reporting basing on criteria of control, and finally, it ensures fairness in presentation of financial statements which conform with the generally acceptable accounting principles. Auditors have to keep improving their performance in protecting the shareholders, through the provision of accurate and adequate financial statements as well use of new technology in the audit process. This is essential for proper implementation of qualitative audits contributing to reliability of timely and useful financial information. They should be prepared to

Henry David Thoreau, Where I Lived and What I Lived For Essay

Henry David Thoreau, Where I Lived and What I Lived For - Essay Example â€Å"The millions are awake enough for physical labor; but only one in a million is awake enough for effective intellectual exertion, only one in a hundred millions to a poetic or divine life.† According to Thoreau, life has become so busy with the rushing railroad and the preoccupation with commerce and other such non-essential aspects of life that the average man has completely lost sight of his own worth and the true realities of life. In detailing the costs associated with building his home, including such notes as the use of refuse shingles for the roof and sides and the purchase of two second hand windows, he rails against the inflated prices and costs of living found within the town or city as a part of the capitalistic process. â€Å"I thus found that the student who wishes for a shelter can obtain one for a lifetime at an expense not greater than the rent which he now pays annually.† Having rejected the concept of ownership in the form of deeds and fences as well as condemned the process of ownership in which prices become inflated well higher than they had to be, Thoreau then moves to describe the false impressions of living space to which most people in the commercial world seem to cling. Recognizing the smallness of his home, Thoreau first indicates the unnecessary extravagance of the homes of others: â€Å"Many of our houses, both public and private, with their almost innumerable apartments, thei r huge halls and their cellars for the storage of wines and other munitions of peace, appear to be extravagantly large for their inhabitants.  Ã‚  They are so vast and magnificent that the latter seem to be only vermin which infest them.† However, he also begins to indicate how the appropriate living space isn’t just the empty rooms and built spaces of human creation, but should include the shared spaces of the outdoors, the connection with nature and the

The Decline of the Ottoman Empire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Decline of the Ottoman Empire - Essay Example This was as a result of internal issues as well as the external elements. The external elements came about in form of other civilizations, movements and powers that came along and posed challenges to the Ottoman Empire. The Western Imperialist expansions were one of those that contributed towards the decline of Ottoman Empire in a direct and indirect manner. The impact of Decline of Ottoman Empire: The result of Ottoman Empire’s decline was creation of vacuum in terms of authority, capacity and power possessed by a single Empire. For centuries Ottoman Empire held the reign firm and controlled the native regions under its grip effectively. With the gradual downfall, the question of stability, political replacement, and social substitution left much to be desired and a question to be addressed. This vacuum creation brought about unhealthy competition and race for the occupying of power seat in the region in order to maintain the say and influence in the region. The Empire was at peak during the days when it conquered the Constantinople and this marked the pinnacle of their achievements (Melton and Baumann, 2903). Root causes of decline of the Empire: The root causes were in form of political instability, internal intrigues, social disparity, nationalistic movements, alienation of the rulers from the people, external elements influence, awakening amongst the masses, Porte’s ambitious governors (Couto and Loureiro, 39) and various other factors that led to the disintegration and decay in a gradual manner. 1682 can be termed as a significant period in the history of Ottoman Empire when they suffered their first defeat. Economic aspect is also attributed as a factor that led to the downfall of the Empire. With no social equality, too much being spent in the wars and other military pursuits led to starvation and inflation in the social and economic ranks, ultimately leading to disparity and discontent amongst the masses and subjects spread far and wide. The negative impact of economy directly told upon the military expansions, investments and developments. With the other empires and ruling regimes building on the military might, the Ottoman Empire stayed behind with regard to military advancements. The advancements in technology over period of time and most notably the Europe region, made the cause and case further worse for the Ottoman Empire. The demise of one Sultan led to a battle for supremacy and attainment of the throne between the successors, this would result in the division of loyalties and eating up of the financial resources within. The role of Ambitious Governors: Mehmat Ali and Ibrahim Pasha were two of the governors appointed by the Porte to administer and govern over Egypt. They were highly ambitious in their motives and intentions. They would demand new terms and territories from the Porte time to Time. Syria, Pashalik and other regions were under their interest. This internal strife gave an opportunity to the fore ign elements to intrude and make inroads in terms of their vested interests. France went in support of the war, Turkey in return had to fight a war with Russia in 1877 (Drury, 3)which further exposed and weakened the Empire’s say and influence in the region. Parts of continent Africa that were under the direct or indirect influence of the Porte also served as point and region of interest for the European Imperialistic and engaged them in rivalry with one another. Western

Problems Identified By The Narasimham Committee Essay Example for Free

Problems Identified By The Narasimham Committee Essay 1. Directed Investment Programme : The committee objected to the system of maintaining high liquid assets by commercial banks in the form of cash, gold and unencumbered government securities. It is also known as the statutory liquidity Ratio (SLR). In those days, in India, the SLR was as high as 38.5 percent. According to the M. Narasimhams Committee it was one of the reasons for the poor profitability of banks. Similarly, the Cash Reserve Ratio- (CRR) was as high as 15 percent. Taken together, banks needed to maintain 53. 5 percent of their resources idle with the RBI. 2. Directed Credit Programme : Since nationalization the government has encouraged the lending to agriculture and small-scale industries at a confessional rate of interest. It is known as the directed credit programme. The committee opined that these sectors have matured and thus do not need such financial support. This directed credit programme was successful from the governments point of view but it affected commercial banks in a bad manner. Basically it deteriorated the quality of loan, resulted in a shift from the security oriented loan to purpose oriented. Banks were given a huge target of priority sector lending, etc. ultimately leading to profit erosion of banks. 3. Interest Rate Structure : The committee found that the interest rate structure and rate of interest in India are highly regulated and controlled by the government. They also found that government used bank funds at a cheap rate under the SLR. At the same time the government advocated the philosophy of subsidized lending to certain sectors. The committee felt that there was no need for interest subsidy. It made banks handicapped in terms of building main strength and expanding credit supply. 4. Additional Suggestions : Committee also suggested that the determination of interest rate should be on grounds of market forces. It further suggested minimizing the slabs of interest. Along with these major problem areas M. Narasimhams Committee also found various inconsistencies regarding the banking system in India. In order to remove them and make it more vibrant and efficient, it has given the following recommendations. Narasimham Committee Report I 1991 The Narsimham Committee was set up in order to study the problems of the Indian financial system and to suggest some recommendations for improvement in the efficiency and productivity of the financial institution. The committee has given the following major recommendations:- 1. Reduction in the SLR and CRR : The committee recommended the reduction of the higher proportion of the Statutory Liquidity Ratio SLR and the Cash Reserve Ratio CRR. Both of these ratios were very high at that time. The SLR then was 38.5% and CRR was 15%. This high amount of SLR and CRR meant locking the bank resources for government uses. It was hindrance in the productivity of the bank thus the committee recommended their gradual reduction. SLR was recommended to reduce from 38.5% to 25% and CRR from 15% to 3 to 5%. 2. Phasing out Directed Credit Programme : In India, since nationalization, directed credit programmes were adopted by the government. The committee recommended phasing out of this programme. This programme compelled banks to earmark then financial resources for the needy and poor sectors at confessional rates of interest. It was reducing the profitability of banks and thus the committee recommended the sto pping of this programme. 3. Interest Rate Determination : The committee felt that the interest rates in India are regulated and controlled by the authorities. The determination of the interest rate should be on the grounds of market forces such as the demand for and the supply of fund. Hence the committee recommended eliminating government controls on interest rate and phasing out the concessional interest rates for the priority sector. 4. Structural Reorganizations of the Banking sector : The committee recommended that the actual numbers of public sector banks need to be reduced. Three to four big banks including SBI should be developed as international banks. Eight to Ten Banks having nationwide presence should concentrate on the national and universal banking services. Local banks should concentrate on region specific banking. Regarding the RRBs (Regional Rural Banks), it recommended that they should focus on agriculture and rural financing. They recommended that the government should assure that henceforth there wont be any nationalization and private and foreign banks should be allowed liberal entry in India. 5. Establishment of the ARF Tribunal : The proportion of bad debts and Non-performing asset (NPA) of the public sector Banks and Development Financial Institute was very alarming in those days. The committee recommended the establishment of an Asset Reconstruction Fund (ARF). This fund will take over the proportion of the bad and doubtful debts from the banks and financial institutes. It would help banks to get rid of bad debts. 6. Removal of Dual control : Those days banks were under the dual control of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Banking Division of the Ministry of Finance (Government of India). The committee recommended the stepping of this system. It considered and recommended that the RBI should be the only main agency to regulate banking in India. 7. Banking Autonomy : The committee recommended that the public sector banks should be free and autonomous. In order to pursue competitiveness and efficiency, banks must enjoy autonomy so that they can reform the work culture and banking technology upgradation will thus be easy. Some of these recommendations were later accepted by the Government of India and became banking reforms. Narasimham Committee Report II 1998 In 1998 the government appointed yet another committee under the chairmanship of Mr. Narsimham. It is better known as the Banking Sector Committee. It was told to review the banking reform progress and design a programme for further strengthening the financial system of India. The committee focused on various areas such as capital adequacy, bank mergers, bank legislation, etc. It submitted its report to the Government in April 1998 with the following recommendations. 1. Strengthening Banks in India : The committee considered the stronger banking system in the context of the Current Account Convertibility CAC. It thought that Indian banks must be capable of handling problems regarding domestic liquidity and exchange rate management in the light of CAC. Thus, it recommended the merger of strong banks which will have multiplier effect on the industry. 2. Narrow Banking : Those days many public sector banks were facing a problem of the Non-performing assets (NPAs). Some of them had NPAs were as high as 20 percent of their assets. Thus for successful rehabilitation of these banks it recommended Narrow Banking Concept where weak banks will be allowed to place their funds only in short term and risk free assets. 3. Capital Adequacy Ratio: In order to improve the inherent strength of the Indian banking system the committee recommended that the Government should raise the prescribed capital adequacy norms. This will further improve their absorption capacity also. Currently the capital adequacy ration for Indian banks is at 9 percent. 4. Bank ownership : As it had earlier mentioned the freedom for banks in its working and bank autonomy, it felt that the government control over the banks in the form of management and ownership and bank autonomy does not go hand in hand and thus it recommended a review of functions of boards and enabled them to adopt professional corporate strategy. 5. Review of banking laws : The committee considered that there was an urgent need for reviewing and amending main laws governing Indian Banking Industry like RBI Act, Banking Regulation Act, State Bank of India Act, Bank Nationalisation Act, etc. This upgradation will bring them in line with the present needs of the banking sector in India. Apart from these major recommendations, the committee has also recommended faster computerization, technology upgradation, training of staff, depoliticizing of banks, professionalism in banking, reviewing bank recruitment, etc. Evaluation of Narsimham Committee Reports The Committee was first set up in 1991 under the chairmanship of Mr. M. Narasimham who was 13th governor of RBI. Only a few of its recommendations became banking reforms of India and others were not at all considered. Because of this a second committee was again set up in 1998. As far as recommendations regarding bank restructuring, management freedom, strengthening the regulation are concerned, the RBI has to play a major role. If the major recommendations of this committee are accepted, it will prove to be fruitful in making Indian banks more profitable and efficient.

Security Dillemma & Ethnic Conflict Essay examples -- essays research

The security dilemma can be used explain and predict ethnic conflict within a given state. Posen’s argument is supported by the belief that the basic tenets of realism provide a clear view of the security dilemma and its relationship with ethnic conflict. I believe the security dilemma in general is largely based in realist theory, and therefore fails to view international relations fairly. I believe that liberalism offers important insight into dealing with conflict that Posen fails to address.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Realist theory believes that one states military improvements are undistinguishable as offensive or defensive, and are seen as threats to another state. This, in turn, requires the opposing state to improve its military to ensure its own self interest. Posen argues that when an empire falls, there will be a power struggle between competing groups, within a state, as a result of the anarchy left by the failing empire. It is argued by Posen that the competing groups variations in the history of their group and whatever military power they may have will threaten other groups, creating a security dilemma, which results in ethnic conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe the security dilemma is shaped by realist theory because it presupposes military improvements will be seen as threats. It has been shown that military improvements are not always seen as threats, for example the United States is not threatened by Pakistan having nuclear weaponry. Mutu...

Toward an Ethics for Being Educated Essay -- Education Learning Essays

Toward an Ethics for Being Educated ABSTRACT: The regulative ideal of being educated is construed through features associated with the conduct and aspirations of faculty in higher education. These features include autonomy of mind and its presuppositions in self-knowledge and ability to inquire. These features as well cover having the identity of an educated person, implying evaluation of the products of the mind in logic and language, motivation to maintain an education, and the deep convictions and attitudes characteristic of the academic, humanist, and scientist. Finally, these features encompass knowing how to apply professional methods in reading and evaluating professional literature, identifying what is potentially educative, seeking a deepening of values through value inquiry, and the application of values in a constructive manner. However, the most promising motivation is commitment to oneself. Other motivators, such as love of learning and curiosity, will be transitory. Commitment can be to prescriptions base d on the features associated with the regulative ideal. These prescriptions would in turn comprise a rudimentary ethics for being educated. Three Concepts of an Educated Person In discussions of institutional education, three general and sometimes overlapping senses of the term "educated person" are in common usage. In the first sense, anyone is educated who has successfully completed a school's program. Regardless of what has been learned, a person is said to be educated by the fact of program completion or graduation. In other words, actual learning is not the criterion for calling a person educated. This may explain the comment that a persons education cant be taken away. The second sense specifies c... ...can be to this ethic. The prescriptions would have personal development as their common theme. Most of us take personal development, however, as discretionary. In our society, we would not be censured for rejecting personal development in favor of a life of action for example. Subscribing to such an ethic, then, would ordinarily be done for other reasons such as the ends it serves or the attractiveness of the ideal itself. From personal experience, I know of many faculties in higher education who have committed themselves to the ideal. In many of their lives, their obligation to self is complemented by other motivators such as appetites, inquisitiveness, ends, instructions, opportunities for inquiry, and incipient doubt. But, is the regulative ideal as depicted worth fealty? This depends upon our philosophy of life which I think we have given considerable attention.